Others

Rationale

The existing text mentioned homocysteine as a risk factor. The new meta-analysis provides high-level evidence confirming its role not just as a risk factor, but specifically as a predictor and prognostic marker for ASCVD. The text was updated to reflect this specific clinical utility while maintaining the original structure and tone.

Evidence

Content Changes

Additional risk factors include elevated homocysteine levels, lipoprotein(a),which serve as both a predictor and prognostic marker for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease [@habib2026]. Other contributors include lipoprotein(a) and chronic inflammation markers such as C-reactive protein. Each contributes to endothelial injury and accelerated atherosclerosis.