Global and Societal Aspects

in Future Directions in Vascular Surgery

Applied

Type

Modification

Confidence

90%

Created

Mar 19, 2026

Evidence

2 sources

Rationale

The section was updated to include the most recent global health statistics from the 2024 AHA report, which confirms that cardiovascular disease remains the primary global cause of mortality. Additionally, the ADA/EASD consensus report was integrated to highlight the societal impact of the diabetes epidemic on vascular health, particularly in LMICs where resources are limited. Abbreviations like T2D were expanded on first use as per instructions.

Evidence

Davies MJ et al. Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes, 2022. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetes Care. 2026. PMID: 36148880.
Verified source
PubMedDOI
Martin SS et al. 2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2024. PMID: 38264914.
Verified source
PubMedDOI

Content Changes

* **Aging population:** vascular disease burden increasing worldwideworldwide, [@gbd2020-global].with cardiovascular disease remaining the leading cause of death globally [@gbd2020-global, @martin2024].
* **Global disparities:** limited access to endovascular technology in LMICs (low-low- and middle-income countries)countries (LMICs) [@bencheikh2023]. The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in these regions presents a significant societal challenge, requiring integrated management strategies to mitigate long-term vascular complications [@davies2026].
* **Sustainability:** device reuse, cost-effective strategies, minimizing carbon footprint of vascular surgery.
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